自考英語(一)語法輔導(dǎo)：重點難點解析

更新時間：2010-09-02 09:49:25 來源：|0

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　　動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

	一般	進(jìn)行	完成	完成進(jìn)行
過去	I did	I was doing	I had done	I had been doing
現(xiàn)在	I do	I am doing	I have done	I have been doing
將來	I shall do	I shall be doing	I shall have done	I shall have been doing（/）
過去將來	I should do	I should be doing（/）	I should ha ve done（/）	I should have been doing（/）

　　重點語法――動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

　　時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)

　　I thought the experiment was going on now.

　　She said this apparatus would be available next week.

　　Am/is/are/+ done. This room is cleaned every day.

　　Was/were +done This room was cleaned yesterday.

　　Will be+ done This room will be cleaned.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　Am/is/are being done This room is being cleaned at the moment.

　　Was/were being done This room was being cleaned when I arrived.

　　Have/has been done My car has been repaired.

　　Had been done The room looks much better. It had been cleaned.

　　No sooner had I arrived at the theatre than the film began .

　　Hardly……… when

　　Some people think that the relations between people have deteriorated -( deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.

　　Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened (happen) to her.

　　非謂語動詞

　　動詞不定式

　　做主語 To see is to believe.

　　What to do next has not been decide

　　It is not easy to remember all these words.

　　表語 To know everything is to know nothing.

　　定語 This is a book to be written .

　　賓語 I want to study .

　　He found it impossible to keep silent any longer.

　　賓補(bǔ) They warned me not to be late.

　　I let you do it

　　(make， have， see， watch， notice， look at， observe， smell， listen to， hear，perceive)

　　狀語 Yesterday he came to see me.

　　獨(dú)立成份 To be frank ， she is not my girlfriend.

　　形容詞補(bǔ)語 I am glad to hear the news.

　　不定式的邏輯主語 For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable.

　　不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài) to do(be) ， to be+p.p.

　　to have done， to have been done

　　動名詞

　　主，表語 Seeing is believing

　　Tom's going there won't do any harm.

　　My hobby is collecting stamps.

　　定語 This is a swimming poor. ( a poor for swimming)

　　This is a hiding place ( a place for hiding )

　　賓語 I enjoy studying (mind， keep， appreciate， can't help， consider， postpone，suggest，admit etc.)

　　Do you mind my smoking here轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　介詞 + 賓語

　　I used to doing. (confess to， look forward to， object to doing sth.)

　　be involve in， consist of， be fond of， etc.

　　動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)基本形同分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

　　分詞

　　狀語 When I saw the film， I felt sad = Seeing the film， I felt sad.

　　Because it is Sunday today， we have no school.

　　It being Sunday， we have no school.

　　When the job was finished， we went home straight away.

　　The job finished， we went home straight away.

　　定語 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.

　　=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.

　　The used car. A broken cup the question involved.

　　表語 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.

　　賓補(bǔ) I found them watering flowers.( I found that they were watering flowers.

　　I found the flowers watered. ( I found the flowers watered)

　　分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài) .( 形同動名詞 )

　　doing (being) being done

　　having done having been done

　　______nothing to say， the boy shield way form the crowd.

　　A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having being

　　What developed was a music readily taking ( take) on various forms.

　　Not having got (not get) enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.

　　非謂語動詞答題要點

　　1. Anyone wanting (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

　　2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted (convict)of murder.

　　3. As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used ( use) in experiments may decrease.

　　Not have got (not， get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task .

　　It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control ( control) his direction.

　　As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing (hear)from you now and then .

　　Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing.

　　介詞 + doing.

　　If I had remembered ―― the window， the thief would not have got in.

　　a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.

　　Begin， start， intend， continue to do， doing 的區(qū)別不大

　　The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.

　　Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 嘗試去做 .

　　I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open， but I couldn't.

　　I can't find anywhere to live.

　　______， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been over

　　V+ing 及從句的固定用法

　　It's no use doing sth.

　　It's no use worrying about it. There's nothing you can do.

　　It's (not) worth doing sth.

　　Have difficulty doing sth.

　　Spend time (in) doing sth.

　　There is no doubt that.

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)主語 It is I that/who am to blame

　　2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語 It was a glass that Mary broke.

　　3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語 It was him that I gave the pen to.

　　4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)介詞賓語 It is this room that I am living in.

　　5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語 1) 時間狀語 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.

　　2) 地點狀語 It was under the bridge that we found him.

　　3) 原因狀語 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.

　　4) 目的狀語 It was for pleasure that I read it.

　　不僅可以是陳述句，還可以是疑問句和感嘆句 .

　　Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made.

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句可以是一個從句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分也可以是從句 .

　　I was told that it was because he hadn't received the invitation that he didn't come

　　It was there， the police believe，――she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.www.examda.com

　　A. that B.until C. which D. when

　　虛擬語氣

　　第一類型：

　　見詞就填：

　　A. (should ) do

　　(should) be

　　B. (should) be + 過去分詞

　　第一類型虛擬語氣 A

	動詞	名詞	形容詞
建議	advise	advice	advisable
	propose	proposal
	suggest	Suggestion	suggested
堅持	insist	insistence	insistent
要求	require	Requirement
	desire	desire	desired
	demand	Demand
	request	request	Requested
建議	recommend	Recommendation
命令	order	order	Ordered
決定	decide	decision	Decided
命令	command	command
寧愿	prefer	preference	Preferable
決定	determine	determination
命令	Instruct	Instruction
安排	arrange	Arrangement	Arranged
重要		Importance	important