2016年職稱英語考試補(bǔ)全短文模擬題

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　　A very important world problem-in fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great world problems________(1) _________-is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and on land resources.

　　This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. By 2000 A.D., unless something desperate happens, there will be as many as 7,000,000,000 people on the surface of the earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime

　　Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of _________ (2)_______. You have heard of Birth Control? Death Control is something rather different. Death Control recognizes the work of the doctors and the nurses and the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who,_____(3)_____, Would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases , as they used to do. Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt. Medical examinations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children. Scientists are at work stamping out malaria and other more deadly diseases. If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modern hospital. Medical care helps _____(4)______. We used to think seventy was a good age; now eighty, ninety, it may be , are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings. People are living longer because of this Death Control, and _____(5)_____, so the population of the world is shooting up.

　　練習(xí)：

　　A fewer children are dying

　　B a few years ago

　　C what is coming to be called Death Control

　　D which face us at the present time

　　E making it possible for people to live longer

　　F to keep people alive longer

　　Keys: DCBFA

　　Ludwig van Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness.

　　Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, be first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking. When his mother died, Beethoven, ____(1)____, was named guardian of his two younger brothers. Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn.

　　Beethoven remained unmarried. Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, ____(2)____. Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819.

　　In spited of this handicap, ____(3)____. He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth: three piano sonata, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827. His life was marked ____(4)____.

　　Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, "I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality." Although Beethoven’s personality ____(5)____, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best.

　　A however, he continued to write music

　　B he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life

　　C by a passionate dedication to independence

　　D then a young man

　　E may have been untamed

　　F his music has been loved over the past centuries

　　KEYS: DBACE

　　The development of agriculture and the balance between food and population are China’s fundamental economic problems. The classical histories praise emperors for devotion to agriculture and much of China’s modern history is ____(1)____, which has been growing steadily.

　　Today, although agriculture accounts for only a quarter of the Gross National Product, it is still the main determinant of the standard of living and the principal occupation of at least 70 percent of population.

　　Agriculture also _____(2)____ because industry needs both agricultural raw materials and food for its work force. The failure of agriculture to supply raw material and food halted and later reversed the industrial progress of the 1950’s, After 1960 new emphasis was placed on agriculture, and the slogan "Agriculture is the foundation of the economy" has remained a central Chinese economic policy ever since.

　　___(3)___, there is an indirect link due to the relationship between agriculture and foreign trade. Many of China’s exports are ___(4)___ or consumer goods based on them. Flourishing agriculture, therefore, promotes exports. It also reduces the need to spend foreign exchange on imports of grain and cotton, therefore __(5)___.

　　練習(xí)：

　　A determines the progress of industry

　　B the story of the unfolding struggle to feed a peasant population

　　C either agricultural raw materials

　　D enlarging the capacity of the economy to import machinery and commodities for industry

　　E In addition to the direct links between agriculture and industry

　　F thus promoting both import and export

　　KEY : B A F C D

　　Between 1977 and 1981, three groups of American woman, ___(1)___, between the age of 35 and 65, were given month-long tests to determine how they would respond to conditions resembling those aboard the space shuttle.

　　Though ___(2)___, the women were volunteers and the pay was barely above the minimum wage. They were not allowed ___(3)____ during the tests, and they were expected to tolerate each other’s company at close quarters for the entire period. Among other things they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both physical and mental tasks __(4)__. At the end of ten days, they had to spend a further twenty days absolutely confined to bed, during which time they suffered backaches and other discomforts, and when they were finally allowed up, the more physically active women were especially subject to pains due to a slight calcium loss.

　　Results of the tests suggest that women will have significant advantages over men in space. They need less food and les oxygen and they stand up to radiation better. Men’s advantages __(5)__, meanwhile, are virtually wiped out by the zero-gravity condition in space.

　　EXERCISE:

　　A): to smoke or drink alcohol

　　B) carefully selected from among many applicants

　　C) numbering 27 in all

　　D) in terms of strength and stamina

　　E) those who are physically stronger

　　F) while exhausted from strenuous physical exercise

　　KEY:C B A F D