2021年翻譯資格三級口譯練習題：東西部扶貧協(xié)作

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東西部扶貧協(xié)作

東西部扶貧協(xié)作,即東部發(fā)達省市與西部貧困地區(qū)結對開展扶貧協(xié)作,是國家為實現(xiàn)共同富裕目標作出的一項制度性安排。自1996年開始,經過幾次調整和變動,東西部扶貧協(xié)作已形成目前9省(市)、5個計劃單列市和4個大城市對口幫扶西部10個省(區(qū)、市)的工作格局。東西部扶貧協(xié)作形式多樣,形成了以政府援助、企業(yè)合作、社會幫扶、人才支持為主的基本工作框架。

實施東西部扶貧協(xié)作工作以來,東部發(fā)達省份與西部貧困地區(qū)在結對治理貧困的具體實踐中不斷探索扶貧方式與模式,具體有:基于企業(yè)合作層面的扶貧模式、創(chuàng)建高層溝通機制的扶貧模式、選擇貧困重點的扶貧模式。

其一,基于企業(yè)合作層面的東西部扶貧協(xié)作模式。指通過推動東西部地區(qū)的企業(yè)合作,帶動貧困地區(qū)企業(yè)的發(fā)展,增強貧困地區(qū)的市場活力,提高貧困地區(qū)勞動力素質,解決落后地區(qū)的貧困問題。比如,山東省的14個地級市結對幫扶重慶市的14個國家扶貧開發(fā)工作重點縣,在企業(yè)合作的基礎上,爭取政府援助。同時,積極開展社會幫扶,推動社會力量參與扶貧。

其二,創(chuàng)建高層溝通機制的東西部扶貧協(xié)作模式。指東西部扶貧協(xié)作雙方創(chuàng)建與堅持有效的溝通交流機制。比如,1996年至2019年,福建省與寧夏回族自治區(qū)每年召開一次聯(lián)席會議,確保閩寧協(xié)作中的大方針和大方向,保證雙方及時獲取需要的信息,交流學習先進管理理念。雙方通過加強省到各區(qū)縣各層級的對接,提高了溝通的時效性。

其三,集中于重點貧困地區(qū)的東西部扶貧協(xié)作模式。指將貧困地區(qū)中貧困程度更深的地區(qū)作為扶貧重點的扶貧方式。比如,2010年,根據內蒙古自治區(qū)烏蘭察布市、赤峰市兩地經濟社會發(fā)展滯后、貧困面大、貧困面深的實際情況,京蒙扶貧協(xié)作作出了調整:由原來幫扶8個盟市調整為重點幫扶烏蘭察布市與赤峰市各8個旗(縣、市)。

東西部扶貧協(xié)作有力推動了“西部大開發(fā)”戰(zhàn)略的實施,為減貧事業(yè)作出了巨大貢獻。在扶貧開發(fā)實踐中,形成了一些成功的經驗:一是建立扶貧協(xié)作雙方的長期溝通與交流機制,這是雙方開展扶貧工作的前提;二是重視企業(yè)合作,企業(yè)的發(fā)展能迅速而有效地激活貧困地區(qū)的市場活力,發(fā)展貧困地區(qū)經濟;三是注重人才交流,人才是貧困地區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的保障。

East-West Cooperation in Poverty Alleviation

This refers to the practice of pairing the developed provinces and municipalities in the east with the impoverished regions in the west. It is a policy to reduce poverty and achieve common prosperity.

After several adjustments since 1996, nine provinces (municipalities), five cities that enjoy provincial-level status in the state economic plan, and four major cities in east China have been paired with 10 provinces, autonomous regions and municipality in west China. Cooperation in diverse forms has continued, and a working framework has been built with government backing, cooperation from enterprises, social assistance, and human resources support.

Under this framework the east and the west have explored effective ways of cooperation, creating three successful models:

(1) east-west cooperation between enterprises. This drives the growth of enterprises in poor areas, increases market vigor, and improves the ability of the local workforce to fight poverty in backward areas. For instance, 14 prefecture-level cities of Shandong Province in east China have partnered with 14 key poor counties of Chongqing Municipality in west China. In addition to cooperation between enterprises, these cities in Shandong also seek government assistance and invite public participation in the poverty alleviation initiative;

(2) a high-level communication mechanism for east-west cooperation. For instance, since 1996 Fujian Province in southeast China and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China have held annual joint meetings to discuss the focus and principles for bilateral cooperation, and exchange information and management expertise. This interaction enhances timely communication; and

(3) east-west cooperation focusing on key areas of extreme poverty. For instance, in 2010, Beijing adjusted its assistance to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from previously assisting eight of the latter’s leagues and cities to assisting eight banners (counties and cities) in each of the Ulanqab League and Chifeng City, as these two places suffer extensive and serious poverty and an underdeveloped economy.

East-west cooperation has substantially promoted China’s large-scale development of the western region, and greatly contributed to poverty reduction there. Successful experiments include:

(1) Long-term mechanisms that facilitate communication and exchanges between east and west partners;

(2) Enterprises are swift and effective in cooperation to stimulate market vigor in poor areas and develop the local economy; and

(3) Exchanges of human resources support the sustainable development of poor areas.

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