2014年職稱英語綜合類C級練習(xí)題:閱讀理解

　　第4部分：閱讀理解。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項(xiàng)。

　Sleep

　　We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours' sleep allernating with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.

　　The question is no more academic one. The case, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week , 8 a. m. to 4 p. m. the next, and 4 p. m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.

　　One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. Recent research by Bonier of the Netherlands, however, has shows that people on such systems will revert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week.

　　The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness may persist through all weekend and holidays. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder and domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these symptoms among those on permanent night work.

　　36. The question raised in paragraph 1 is "no more academic one"

　　A. because Bonjer's findings are different from Browns.

　　B. because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.

　　C. because some people can change their sleeping habits easily.

　　D. because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.

　　37. According to the passage, the main problem about night work is that

　　A. people hate the inconvenience of working on night shifts.

　　B. your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.

　　C. not all industries work at the same hours.

　　D. it is difficult to find a corps of good night workers.

　　38. According to the passage, the best solution on the problem seems to be

　　A. not to change shifts from one week to the next.

　　B. to make periods on each shift longer.

　　C. to employ people who will always work at night.

　　D. to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly.

　　39. In the second paragraph, “the third" means

　　A. the third week.

　　B. the third shift.

　　C. a third of the time.

　　D. the third routine.

　　40. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, "another" means

　　A. another routine.

　　B. another shift.

　　C. another week.

　　D. another person.

　　參考答案：

　　36.D【解析】題目問的是“第一段中提出的問題不僅僅是學(xué)術(shù)問題，是因?yàn)開____________”。通過通讀全文可知，睡眠周期不僅僅是一個學(xué)術(shù)性的問題;由于工作的需要，人們必須改變睡眠習(xí)慣。所以選擇 D項(xiàng)。

　　37.B【解析】題目問的是“根據(jù)全文可知，上夜班的主要問題是_____________”。由第二段可知三班倒的工作使-T-..A.4r]每周變換工作時間，這使他們的正常睡眠周期受到影響，所以本題選擇B項(xiàng)。

　　38.C【解析】題目問的是“根據(jù)全文可知.似乎_____________是解決這個問題的最好方法?！庇蓅olution一詞定位到最后一段，該段提到由一組永久上夜班的工人來承擔(dān)夜班的工作，這樣其他工人可以正常的上班，而夜班工人也不用因常變換工作時間來調(diào)節(jié)自己的睡眠周期。所以本題選擇C項(xiàng)。

　　39.A【解析】通過通讀第二段可知，third指的是the third week，序數(shù)詞后面的名詞有時可以省略。所以選擇A項(xiàng)。

　　40.A【解析】第二段最后一句話中的another(另一個)作代詞，指代another routine(另一個工作日)。所以選擇A項(xiàng)。