2013年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案(3)

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Gross National Happiness

　　In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist (佛教) culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.

　　King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country's progress by people's happiness. If the people's happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH).

　　GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier it" they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.

　　Now this is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer.

　　More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

　　Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan's GNH.

　　These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.

　　Brazil may be the next country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

　　41. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

　　A. A president.

　　B. A Buddhist priest.

　　C. A general.

　　D. A king.

　　42. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

　　A. To make its population grow.

　　B. To keep it separate from the world.

　　C. To encourage its people to get rich.

　　D. To keep its tradition and customs.

　　43. A country shows its progress with GNP by________.

　　A. selling more products

　　B. spending more money

　　C. spending less money

　　D. providing more jobs

　　44. According to GNH, people are happier if they________.

　　A. have new technology

　　B. can change their religion

　　C. have a good, stable government

　　D. have more money

　　45. Today, many countries are________.

　　A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress

　　B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH

　　C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress

　　D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness

　　參考答案:

　　41.D【解析】題意：Jigme Singye Wangehuck是誰?

　　根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern可知，Wangehuek是一位新上任的國王。故選D。

　　42.D【解析】題意：除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，Wangehuek還希望為不丹做什么?

　　根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to becomemodern，but without losing its traditions，說明Wangchuck不希望不丹丟掉其傳統(tǒng)，而第三段第三句 They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也說明Wangchuck推行的GNH(國民幸?？傊?政策中，如果能保持傳統(tǒng)文化和風(fēng)俗則國民會更幸福。故選D。

　　43.A【解析】題意：一個國家進(jìn)步在GNP中體現(xiàn)為……。

　　根據(jù)文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures produets and money.When the number of products sold increases，people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金錢來衡量，賣出的商品越多，國家似乎越進(jìn)步。故選A。

　　44.C【解析】題意：根據(jù)GNH，人民若……會更幸福。

　　文章第三段集中講述GNH，人們更幸福包括they have health care，education，and jobs;they live in a healthy，protected environment;they can keep their traditionaI culture and customs;they have a good，stable government。由此可知C項正確。

　　45.D【解析】題意：現(xiàn)在，很多國家……。

　　根據(jù)文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’S GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多國家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故選D。

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