2014年職稱英語綜合類考點(diǎn)語法:否定句型講解10

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　　not ... because ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱not ... because ...

　　說明┱此句型意為“并非因?yàn)椤?。使用本時(shí)，because 之前不可有逗點(diǎn)，否則意思完全不同;有時(shí)得從 because 的邏輯來判斷意思。

　　You must not despise a man because he is poor. 你不可因一個(gè)人貧窮而輕視他。

　　I do not love him because he is rich. (I love him not because he is rich.)

　　我不是因?yàn)樗绣X才愛他的。

　　I do not respect him because he is playful. 我不尊敬他，因?yàn)樗澩妗?/P>

　　I do not respect him because he is knowledgeable. 我并非因?yàn)樗袑W(xué)問而尊敬他。

　　not that ... but that ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱(It is) not that ... but that ...

　　說明┱此句型意為“并非…而是…”。It is 通常予以省略。

　　Not that I dislike the task, but that I am not equal to it.

　　并非我不喜歡這工作，而是我無法勝任。

　　Believe it or not, not that I don’t love Mary, but that I love my country (all the) more.

　　信不信由你，并非我不愛瑪麗，而是我更愛我的國家。

　　Not that I hate the work. I’m not strong enough for it.

　　并非我討厭這份工作，而是我不夠強(qiáng)壯，無法勝任。

　　so that ... may ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱so that/in order that ... may ...

　　說明┱此句型意為“以便…”。此為表示目的的 so that，in order that 所引導(dǎo)的 。so that 總是置于之后，而 in order that 置于前后均可，且較為強(qiáng)調(diào)。通常使用 may，也使用 can(could)，shall(should)，will(would)等。若與相同時(shí)，可變成，即“so as to+原形”或“in order to+原形”。

　　Read the questions carefully so that you may not make a mistake in the test.

　　考試時(shí)要仔細(xì)看清楚題目，以免犯錯(cuò)。

　　We turned on the light so that we might see (=so as to see) what it was.

　　我們把燈打開，以便看看它是什么。

　　I study hard, so that I may not fail in the examinations. 我用功，免得考不及格。

　　My father works hard in order that he may support us. 我父親辛苦地工作為了養(yǎng)家。

　　I’ve decided to learn photography in order that I may better appreciate the beauty of nature.

　　我決定學(xué)攝影以便更能欣賞自然的美。

　　I came in order that I might/could see May. (=I came in order to see May.)

　　我來是因?yàn)槟芤姷矫贰?/P>

　　We must find out the customs of other countries, so that they will not think us ill mannered.

　　我們必須知道別的國家的習(xí)俗，免得他們會(huì)認(rèn)為我們是沒有禮貌的。

　　lest ... (should) ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱lest ... (should) ...

　　說明┱此句型意為“以免…”。等于“for fear (that) ... should”。lest 為，引導(dǎo)，在該中，只能用 should，但 should 可省略，直接接原形。

　　I got up early lest I (should) miss the train. 我早起以免錯(cuò)過了火車。

　　We talked in a low voice lest we should wake the baby up. 我們小聲說話以免吵醒嬰兒。

　　Hide it lest he (should) see it. 把它藏起來免得他看見。

　　He took a flashlight lest it should get dark before he returned.

　　為了預(yù)防回來以前天就黑了，所以他帶著手電筒。

　　Be careful for fear (that) you should be misunderstood. 請(qǐng)小心點(diǎn)不要被誤會(huì)了。

　　... in case ... should ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱... in case ... should ...

　　說明┱此句型意為“…唯恐…;以防萬一…”。in case 是“唯恐(=lest);萬一(=if)”之意，做，引導(dǎo)，與 should 并用，以修飾。in case 置于句首，也可當(dāng) if 使用。

　　I stopped suddenly in case he should think that I was showing off.

　　我突然停住，唯恐他會(huì)認(rèn)為我是在炫耀。

　　They watched him closely in case he should escape. 他們嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視他，惟恐他會(huì)逃脫。

　　In case (=If) I forget, please remind me. 萬一我忘記，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?/P>

　　Write the telephone number down in case you forget. 把電話號(hào)碼寫下來以免忘了。

　　... so ... that ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱…so+形容詞/副詞+that…

　　說明┱此句型意為“如此…以致…”。此為表示因果關(guān)系的，引導(dǎo)。so 后也可接單數(shù)，即“so++a++that…”。so 所引導(dǎo)的詞類置于句首時(shí)，要采用倒裝句構(gòu)，如例句5和6。該句型與“too ... to ...”句型可以互相改寫，如例句1所示。

　　Kevin is so sick that he can’t come to class. (=Kevin is too sick to come to class.)

　　克文病得嚴(yán)重以致無法來上課。

　　The dog is so gentle that I am not afraid of it. 這只狗如此溫馴，因此我不感到害怕。

　　She studied so hard that she passed the exam. 她這么用功，所以通過了考試。

　　He is so good a boy that we like him. 他是個(gè)這么好的男孩，所以我們都喜歡他。

　　So nice is he that I like him. 他是這么好，因此我喜歡他。

　　So exciting was the game that I forgot all about the coming finals.

　　比賽是如此令人興奮，以致我把即將來臨的期末考忘得一乾二凈。

　　so many/few ... that ...

　　結(jié)構(gòu)┱so many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that…

　　說明┱此句型意為“如此多/少的…以致…”。若是不可數(shù)名詞，則用“so much/little+不可數(shù)名詞+that…”。此為表示因果關(guān)系的，引導(dǎo)。so 可修飾表數(shù)量的 many，much，few，little。so 所引導(dǎo)的詞類置于句首時(shí)，要采用倒裝句構(gòu)。

　　I have so much work to do that I can’t go out with you.

　　我有這么多工作要做，因此不能和你出去。

　　So many languages can he speak that he should have no problem traveling around the world.

　　他會(huì)說這么多種語言，因此環(huán)游世界毫無問題。

　　There is so little time left that I don’t think I can finish it as scheduled.

　　剩下這么少的時(shí)間，我想我不能按時(shí)完成。

　　He has so few friends that his life is lonely. 他的朋友很少，因此他的生活非常孤單。