學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試詞匯與語法語法輔導(dǎo)二十一
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學(xué)士學(xué)位英語考試詞匯與語法語法輔導(dǎo)二十一
定語從句
在復(fù)合句中起定語作用的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句分為兩種:限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。本節(jié)主要講解各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句、介詞與關(guān)系代詞的連用、準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞as,以及非限制性定語從句
1、關(guān)系代詞 who,whom,whose,which,that引導(dǎo)的定語從句
例1 The company official __ I thought would be fired received a raise .
A.whom B.whoever C.who D.of whom
【答案】C(1998年40題) 定語從句中I thought 作插入語,who作主語。
注:以下情況只用that 不用which 或who:考 易網(wǎng)提供
(1)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),如:He is the tallest man that I have ever seen.(此處不用who,因?yàn)榍懊嬗凶罡呒?jí)修飾)
(2)先行詞前有any,all,the only,the very,the last,no時(shí),如:She is the very person that we are looking for.(此處不能用who,因?yàn)榍懊嬗衪he very修飾)
(3)先行詞all,little,something,anything,nothing,mush,few等不定式代詞時(shí),如:Is there anything that I can do for you?(此處不用which,因?yàn)橄刃性~位anything)
(4)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí),如;We are talking about the persons and the things that we remember.(先行詞為the persons and the things,人和物,故用that)
例2 Of those ____ had applied for the jobs,only two were accepted. A.persons B.that C.who D.which
【答案】B(1999年考題)
2、關(guān)系副詞 when,where,,why引導(dǎo)的定語從句
例: We live in a time ____,more than ever before in history,people are moving.
A.what B.when C.which D.where
【答案】B(2006年11月19題)
3、關(guān)系代詞前帶介詞的定語從句
例1 The tsunami(海嘯)____ over 160,000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings.
A.of that B.among which C.during that D.in which
【答案】D(2005年11月24題)
例2 This is the dictionary ____ Idepend a lot whenever I have peoblems with new words.
A.with which B.in which C.on which D.for which
【答案】C(2004年4月19題) 注:介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不用that。
4、準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞as
as 也可以用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。用作關(guān)系代詞的as通常與such,the same,as連用;蛘哂迷诰涫祝复竺娴囊痪湓,如as is known to all,as we all know,as is often the case 等。
例1 I will buy the same shirt as you have. 我將買和你同樣的襯衫。
例2 He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand. 他用大家都可以理解的簡單英語說話。
例3 ___ is well-known,the environment in China is badly in need of improvement.
A.It B.That C.As D.What
【答案】C(2007年4月18題)
例4 ____ is well known,the key to success lies in hard work. A.As B.that C.Which D.what
【答案】A(2005年4月43題)
例5 Do not trust such men ____ often like to praise you to your face. A.who B.that C.as D.they
【答案】C(2004年4月34題)
5、非限制性定語從句
(1)對被修飾的名詞起附加說明,或進(jìn)一步描述或補(bǔ)充。
這種從句有一定的獨(dú)立性,即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整,只是內(nèi)容相對不夠具體。與主句之間常用逗號(hào)分開,所用的關(guān)系代詞與限制性定語從句基本相同,但不能用關(guān)系詞that引導(dǎo)。
例1 It turned out that the man was an excellent policeman working in New York,____ had contributed a lot to the case. A.that B.which C.who D.where
【答案】C(2007年4月26題)
例2 He was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.
A.who B.whom C.what D.which
【答案】D(2006年4月21題)
(2)名詞(代詞)+ 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。
例1 The writer has published many books, ____ are well received by the readers.
A.none of whom B.all of which C.neither of who D.one of which
【答案】B(2004年4月17題)
關(guān)系代詞修飾的是指物的名詞。因此用which;根據(jù)本句的句意,要選肯定句。本句的意思是:這位作者出版了好多書,都非常受讀者的歡迎。
例2 The United States is composed of fifty states,two of ___ are separated from the others by land or water.
A.them B.that C.which D.those
【答案】C(2003年23題)
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