2012年自考英語(二)復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：非謂語動詞

更新時間：2012-03-12 09:29:26 來源：|0

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　　非謂語動詞

　　2.1 非謂語動詞一覽表

非謂語動詞	形式	意義
現(xiàn)在分詞
一般式	doing	主動 , 正在進(jìn)行
被動式	being done	被動 , 正在進(jìn)行
完成主動式	having done	主動 , 已經(jīng)完成
完成被動式	having been done	被動 , 已經(jīng)完成
過去分詞	done	被動 , 已經(jīng)完成
動詞不定式
一般式	to do	主動 , 將要進(jìn)行
被動式	to be done	被動 , 將要進(jìn)行
完成主動式	to have done	主動 , 已經(jīng)完成
進(jìn)行主動式	to be doing	主動 , 正在進(jìn)行

　　2.2. 非謂語動詞作狀語

　　動詞不定式：1)目的狀語;2)結(jié)果狀語

　　I came here to meet you. (目的)轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. (結(jié)果)

　　分詞：1) 伴隨狀語;2)原因狀語;3)條件狀語 4)讓步狀語;5)時間狀語

　　Walking along the street， he met his old friend. (時間)

　　Being very tired， my father didn’t go out with us. (原因)

　　Made by hand， the silk shirt is very expensive. (原因)

　　Seen from the space， the earth looks like a blue ball. (條件)

　　2.3 非謂語動詞，狀語從句和獨立結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1) Having done their homework， the children began to play. (分詞作狀語)

　　2) After having done their homework， the children began to play. (連詞+分詞)

　　3) After they had done their homework， the children began to play. (狀語從句)

　　4) With homework done， the children began to play. (獨立結(jié)構(gòu))

　　2.4 非謂語動詞作定語

　　1) If there is no choice， there is no decision ___ (make)。 (to be made)

　　2) Do you know the man ____ ( stand) in front of the house? (standing)

　　3) The question ____ (discuss) at the moment is very important. (being discussed)

　　4) The bridge ____ (build) in the 1950s is still in good condition. (built)

　　2.5 動名詞和動詞不定式

　　作主語和表語

　　動名詞作主語/表語表示一般、抽象的情況;動詞不定時作主語表示具體某次的情況。

　　Rising early is good for health.

　　To rise early tomorrow is difficult for me.轉(zhuǎn)自環(huán) 球網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com

　　It is difficult for me to rise early tomorrow.

　　My biggest wish is to go abroad.

　　Seeing is believing.

　　作賓語

　　接動名詞作賓語的動詞：

　　admit， acknowledge， avoid， appreciate， consider， delay， enjoy， escape， excuse， forgive， finish， include， involve， mind， put off， postpone， suggest， feel like， look forward to， be used to， be accustomed to， etc.

　　接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞：

　　want， tend， intend， pretend， hope， plan， expect， be supposed to， seem， be likely to， used to， be willing to， desire， force， prefer， start， begin

　　接動名詞和動詞不定式有不同含義的動詞：

　　1) forget， remember， regret

　　2) stop， continue

　　3) need/ want

　　4) allow doing/ allow sb to do

　　(1) How can I forget meeting you for the first time?

　　Sorry， I forgot to lock the door.

　　(2) I can’t stop laughing. Can you stop to give me a hand?

　　(3) The grass needs cutting. The grass needs to be cut.

　　(4) We don’t allow smoking here. You are not allowed to smoke here.