自考英語(二)動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)用法詳解
1.動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)
動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)一覽表
時態(tài) 語態(tài) |
一般現(xiàn)在時 |
一般過去時 |
一般將來時 |
主動 被動 |
do are done |
did were done |
will do will be done |
|
現(xiàn)在進行時 |
過去進行時 |
將來進行時 |
主動 被動 |
are doing are being done |
were doing were being done |
will be doing |
|
現(xiàn)在完成時 |
過去完成時 |
將來完成時 |
主動 被動 |
have done have been done |
had done had been done |
will have done will have been done |
|
現(xiàn)在完成進行時 |
|
|
主動 被動 |
have been doing |
|
|
1.1 現(xiàn)在完成時
發(fā)生在過去的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或對現(xiàn)在仍有影響。
現(xiàn)在完成時的標志: so far, by now/ up to now,for three years, since 1995, in the past two decades
1.2 過去完成時
過去的過去。
1)said, reported, thought 等引導的間接引語中。
He missed the train.
He said he had missed the train.轉自環(huán) 球 網(wǎng) 校edu24ol.com
2)hardly…when, no sooner… than句型中表示先發(fā)生的動作
No sooner had he got up than he received the call.
3)與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中
If I had tried harder, I would have won.
I wish I had done better in the exam.
1.3 完成進行時
從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,沒有間斷。漢語提示語:一直
The water has been running the whole night.
1.4 過去時
過去某一具體時間發(fā)生的事,不考慮與現(xiàn)在的關系。
過去時的標志:yesterday, in 1995, last week,in the nineteenth century,five years ago 等等。
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